From Scott Shell’s The Application of Peircean Semiotics to the Elder Futhark Tradition
The Elder Fuþark, a biunique writing system used by the Germanic tribes from roughly 50 CE to 700 CE, consisted of twenty-four runes in an arrangement very different from the roman alphabet (see Appendix A for Elder Fuþark rune names and meanings). In addition to their unique fuþark order, i.e., not alpha–beta, they were also divided into three groups of eight, which are often referred to as ON ǽttir (‘families’ or earlier ‘group of eight’). The following arrangement is based on Antonsen (2002, 43). I have, however, chosen to add the transcription ï for the y rune, since this has become a standard for many runologists.… Read more